The review provides the brief analysis of the anther morphogenesis of flowering plants as the complex integrated system consisting of interacting elements (sporogenous tissue and wall loculus tissues). As the striking example of the manifestation of the anther as the system, the movements of nuclei and cells in microspores and pollen grains in developing cereal anthers are considered. It is emphasized that the system approach to anther morphogenesis is important in studies not only in vivo, but also in vitro. The article is devoted to the memory of the RAS corresponding member Tatiana Borisovna Batygina (1927-2015), who made a significant contribution to the system study of anthers of various flowering plants.

The paper presents the results of study some processes of growth and development of a valuable ornamental and medicinal plant from the family Onagraceae Oenothera missouriensis, naturally growing in the south of the central part of North America and introduced to the Southern Coast of the Crimea. The peculiarities of the formation of male and female generative structures are established, the diversity of the formed tetrads of microspores, the structure of pollen and elements of the embryo sac are shown. The presence of pollinating insects, morphologically normal pollen grains formed in this species under the conditions of introduction, and the development of morphologically normal embryo sacs indicate a possible effective pollination process, seed production and use of this species as an ornamental and medicinal plant.

The article is dealing with biochemical analysis of ethanol extracts of leaves and fruits from P. carnata L., P. edulis Sims., P. caerulea L., P. ligularis Juss. and P. foetida L. species belonging to the Passiflora L. genus. Using the methods DPPH, ABTS, oxidation of ß-carotene/linoleic acid, CUPRAC and FRAB, a comparative study of the total content of phenolic substances, flavonoids, tannins and antioxidant activity was carried out. According to the results, the ROS scavenging activity of the extracts changed between 1.36 ± 0.05 and 2.43± 0.25 IC50 mg/ml (the DPPH method) and between 0.25±0.012 and 2.48±0.016 IC50 mg/ml (the ABTS method). In the assay performed with ß-carotene/linoleic acid, the lowest value (45±1.21%) of the studied parameter was found for the fruit extracts of P. caerulea L. The FRAB analysis showed the highest antioxidant activity (1.61±0.08 mg TE/g) in leaf extracts of P. incarnata L. The highest inhibition level was found in leaf extracts of P. incarnata L. (83±0.53%) and P. caerulea L. (81±0.8). The highest cupric ion (II) reducing antioxidant capacity was detected in P. caerulea L. leaf (7.29 ± 0.33 mgTE/ g), and the lowest one was in P. edulis Sims. (2.47 ± 0.07 mgTE / g) fruit extracts.

The results of our phytochemical analysis proved that the extracts of local plant species, which have long been used in the treatment of various diseases, are rich in bioactive compounds of medicinal importance.

In women aged 55-85 years, the effect of vapors (concentration in the air of 1 mg/m3) of two samples of rosemary essential oil of the medicinal cultivar "Gorizont" with some differences in composition on the psycho- emotional state and mental performance was studied. The duration of exposure is 10, 20 or 30 minutes. Control is a psychorelaxation program. Both samples improved, in comparison with the control, the psychoemotional state of the subjects in terms of psychological well-being and psychological tone and increased efficiency in complex mental work. The effects are more pronounced with longer exposure times. Sample No. 1 with a higher content of β-myrcene, limonene, verbenone, p-cymene, 3-octanone and less – 1,8-cineol, camphor, bornyl acetate than in sample No. 2, also reduced the level of anxiety.

The article describes a complex approach to designing a monocultural exposition based on the Iris × hybrida hort. collection of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. Perennial herbaceous flowering plants are more economically profitable for use in landscaping, and modern cultivars of which are unreasonably rarely used in landscaping on the Southern coast of the Crimea. Currently, the exposition includes 290 cultivars of Iris × hybrida hort. of various garden groups. An analysis of the data accumulated during the period of introduction and cultivar study of the crop in general and for each cultivar of the collection in particular, made it possible to comprehensively approach the designing of the next updated and enlarged exhibition exposition of Iris × hybrida hort. During developing the exposition project, the whole complex of biological and decorative features of this crop was taken into account, which made it possible to ensure the maximum duration of the exposition blooming and its evenness, the proper aesthetic impression, as well as to demonstrate the modern achievements of the hybridization process and its history. A special emphasis was placed on the complex of decorative characteristics of culture. The widest palette of Iris × hybrida hort. colors makes it possible to create color compositions of almost all existing types from crop cultivars: monochrome, complementary, analog, triad, etc. The article describes in detail the process of creating compositions for particular curtains using the main types of color harmonies of the modern color theory. As a result of the research and during the implementation of the project, a methodological approach to the exposition of culture was developed, which can be used by landscape architects to create compositions including cultivars of Iris × hybrida hort., and to design mono-exhibition expositions of other flowering perennial crops.

As a result of the study of 387 cultivars of peach in the collection of the NBG according to economically valuable features: the time of entry into fruiting, the term, strength and duration of flowering, the ripening period, chemical composition, fruit quality, yield, resistance to frost, drought, fungal diseases – 139 cultivars were identified with a set of indicators for the greatest degree of their manifestation. Among North American cultivars, 24 cultivars were noted by the combination of two features, 12 cultivars – of three, one cultivar – of four and 2 cultivars - of five. From the European cultivars of the NBG breeding, 41 cultivars were distinguished by a complex of two features, 23 cultivars – of three, six – of four, and two – of five. Among the European introduced cultivars, 13 cultivars were selected by a combination of two traits, four cultivars - of three features. In the group of Central Asian, Chinese, Caucasian and Transcaucasian cultivars, 10 – were noted by a combination of two indicators. Cultivars identified by individual or a complex of economically valuable feature are of interest for use in breeding programs to create new cultivars of peach for industrial horticulture

The results of the analysis and development features of the crop industry in the Crimea are presented. It is shown that due to favorable agro-climatic conditions, starting from the second half of the XX century, the Crimean Peninsula was among the intensively developed agricultural territories, agriculture specialized in grain and livestock production, viticulture, horticulture, vegetable growing, as well as the cultivation of essential oil crops. Significant changes in the structure of land use since 2015 are due to the cessation of water supply through the North Crimean Canal. The diversity of natural conditions, as well as the cultivation of various annual (grain, technical, vegetable and cucurbits, etc.) and perennial (grapes, fruit and berry, rose, lavender, etc.) crops determined the formation of segetal-ruderal communities differing in composition and structure. According to modern concepts, the vegetation of the Crimean agrocenoses is classified into 6 classes (Papaveretea rhoeadis, Sisymbrietea, Digitario sanguinalis-Eragrostietea minoris, Artemisietea vulgaris, Epilobietea angustifolii, Oryzetea sativae), 7 orders, 15 alliances and 51 associations, including 14 syntaxons at the association level were first described on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula. The largest number of syntaxons was found in perennial plantings, of which 25 associations consisting of 10 unions, 6 orders, 5 classes were found in orchards, 13 associations consisting of 4 alliances, 3 orders, 3 classes in vineyards, 5 associations consisting of 3 alliances, 3 orders, 2 classes on rose and lavender plantations. Further, according to the number of syntaxons, agrocenoses of row crops (including tobacco, sunflower, vegetable and cucurbits) are distinguished – 17 associations consisting of 5 alliances, 4 orders, 3 classes. In grain crops (including wheat, barley, oats, corn, rice, etc.), 14 associations consisting of 5 alliances, 5 orders, 3 classes were identified.