Here we tried to answer the question about what will happen in the vegetation cover under current warming trends, and how in phytocenoses will native plant behave - summergreen pubescent oak ( Quercus pubescens Willd.) and the newcomer from the culture - evergreen holm oak ( Quercus ilex L.) that escaped from introduction sites. The work is based on geobotanical descriptions (14) performed when mapping vegetation of the lower vegetation belts between Foros and Gurzuf. Using "Ecodata" database containing information on the position of species on the gradients of environmental factors and "Pover" processing program, evidence of successful adaptation of holm oak to natural and disturbed phytocenoses in the western part of the Southern Coast was obtained

The results of study of the cenopopulation of the rare species Onosma polyphylla Ledeb. (Boraginaceae) in the south-eastern Crimea are presented. According to the ecological and floristic classification of vegetation, as part of a community it belongs to the union Ptilostemion Korzhenevsky 1990 of the class Drypsidetea Quezel 1964. In the Crimea, the species is protected by the Red Books of the Russian Federation, the Republic of the Crimea and Sevastopol. The coenopopulation was assessed as normal, incomplete, middle-aged according to the classification of A.A. Uranov and O.V. Smirnova (1976), but young with maximum on generative individuals by “delta-omega” classification. According to demographic indicators, the cenopopulation is classified as unstable, but the indices of recovery (Ib = 0.56), replacement (Ib = 0.38) and aging (Ic = 0.25) indicate sufficient possibilities of the species for self-maintenance and self-renewal in situ .

The article briefly presents a review of the literature on the intensity of accumulation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and their reclamation both abroad and in our countryThe main environmental problem in the world is the disposal of waste in landfills and landfills that have a negative impact on the environment. The land areas where waste is placed are increasing every year. In connection with the need to return the disturbed lands to economic circulation, the recultivation of landfills of solid municipal waste (MSW) is carried out, which includes two stages: technical and biological. The main existing areas of recultivation of landfills and landfills are agricultural (creation of arable land, hayfields, pastures), forestry, recreational and construction. The technical stage of recultivation of MSW landfills is carried out in order to protect soils, water resources, atmospheric air, and nearby territories from the effects of landfill bodies by creating a recultivation coating. The biological stage of reclamation is reduced to the need to overcome or minimize adverse environmental conditions by improving the properties of the substrate by all available means, as well as selecting an assortment of woody and herbaceous plant species suitable for these conditions.

The thicket communities of eelgrass ( Zostera L.) form the trophic and structural foundation of many key coastal marine ecosystems; their distribution patterns determine the state of aquatic and semi-aquatic organisms' habitat and, ultimately, the wellbeing of the human population of coastal areas. The global transformation of habitats under the influence of a complex of natural and anthropogenic factors causes a reduction of their distribution and production indicators. In many countries and regions, as well as at the international level, eelgrass species, their communities, and the biotopes they form are subject to special protection. Since 2015, Zostera marina L. and Zostera noltei Hornem have been included in the Red Data Book of Crimea (RDBC) and have officially received regional conservation status. At the same time, the very inclusion of marine macrophytes in such documents is often misunderstood and, unfortunately, is further misinterpreted. Thus, in one of the Crimean regions, a problem was artificially created around the eelgrass storm wrack in the recreation zone. In this regard, we have shown that the RDBC and other official and advisory environmental documents of various ranks are aimed at preserving biota species in their natural habitat and do not limit the maintenance of the proper sanitary condition and aesthetic appearance of urbanized, industrial, recreational and other infrastructure facilities in their established boundaries. This fully applies to the collection and disposal of eelgrass storm wrack and any other macrophytes included in the Red Data Book. In the future, it is expedient to include in the relevant legal documents wordings that clarify the scope of the concept of the object of protection. At the moment, it is recommended that these aspects be explained to regional environmental specialists, representatives of local authorities, and the population of coastal areas.

Crimea is a zone of risky gardening, and recurrent spring frosts are observed every 3-4 years, and coincide with the period of flowering and fertilization of apple buds. In this regard, the determination of later-flowering cultivars and forms for use in breeding programs is an urgent task. The article presents the results of studying the passage of the main phenological phases of the development of the beginning of vegetation (the timing and duration of flowering cultivars and forms of apple trees in the foothill zone of the Crimea). Based on the conducted studies, all the studied samples are divided into three groups according to the timing of the beginning of flowering - early flowering, medium flowering, and late flowering. It was determined that for early-flowering cultivars, the sum of accumulated temperatures above 5 ° C from 149.7 to 159.7 ° C is necessary, blooming in the middle period - 163.5-179.3 ° C, late-flowering - 181.1 to 205.5 ° C. The most valuable third group (late blooming) is represented by six samples: Salgir, Cimmeria, Tavria, Todes, Fujii, 3-5-C. All studied cultivars and forms are analyzed based on the duration of flowering. The cultivars and forms recommended for inclusion in the breeding process for a sign of long flowering have been determined. It was revealed that in the group of cultivars of the summer fruit ripening period, Williams Pride cultivar of foreign selection has a long flowering (6 days), in the group of the autumn ripening period - Greensleeves (11 days). Arlet and Fuji Kiku 8 cultivars (13-14 days) were selected among the varieties with fruits of the winter ripening period. The obtained research results will be used to draw up hybridization plans, and the selected cultivars and forms will be included in breeding programs as sources of signs of late and long flowering.

The results of the test of the synthetic sex pheromone C. ohridella are presented. Its attractiveness, species specificity and duration of action are determined. In the period from 2017 to 2021, studies were conducted on the use of synthetic sex pheromone to study the seasonal dynamics of the number of Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič in the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. Horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. served as model plants. For trapping, traps of the "Delta" type produced by the FSFI "VNIIKR" (Moscow) were used. The number of captured individuals was calculated in the laboratory. It has been established that the development of C. ohridella occurs in three complete generations. Imagos of the first generation appear in the III decade of March - I decade of April, with the sum of effective temperatures (SET˃10) averaging 33.6°C. The imago of the second generation was recorded in the second decade of June at SET˃10, on average 491.0°C, while individuals of the third generation of phytophagans appear in the third decade of July at SET˃10, on average - 1092.3 ° C. It was found that the dynamics of the population of C. ohridella depends on temperature conditions, the correlation coefficient was 0.8 with a significance level of p (0.0001) <0.05. During the research period, more than 25,000 individuals of the pest were caught in traps with synthetic sexual pheromone. The high number of the pest indicates the presence of favorable conditions for the development of the phytophagan and the absence of factors limiting its spread, which allows it to gradually expand its range.

The article presents an analysis of the 210-year history of breeding garden roses in the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens (NBG). The collection of garden roses gathered here is the largest in Russia. The NBG is the founder of rose breeding in our country and in the world, and a pioneer in the application of basic breeding methods in working with this crop. It was found that, depending on the chronological period, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the collection, as well as the tasks, methods and results of breeding work, significantly changed. Based on the introduction of new garden groups into the collection and the use of new breeding methods, 4 main stages of breeding research of garden roses in the NBG have been identified, corresponding to the periods of work of breeders N.A. Hartvis, N.D. Kostetsky, V.N. Klimenko, Z.K. Klimenko and K.I. Zykov, as well as S.A. Plugatar. The contribution of each of the breeders to the breeding research of garden roses of the NBG is described. The whole range of studies conducted with garden roses in the NBG is analyzed; the specialists who took part in them are indicated. The role of the NBG in the development and testing of new breeding methods for garden roses is shown, up to the development of a system of complex selection of garden roses, which allows to significantly increase the diversity of breeding material and reduce the time for the creation of new cultivars. Breeding achievements in the field of working with garden roses in the NBG and, in particular, cultivars that have received international recognition are given. It has been established that over the entire period of the existence of the NBG, 400 new domestic cultivars have been created here, 63 of which have received copyright certificates and patents. The creation of new cultivars in the NBG and Russia continues successfully.

The paper presents the results of studying the processes of formation of male and female generative structures, as well as fertilization in a representative of the Onagraceae family - evening primrose ( Oenothera speciosa Nutt.), which naturally grows in Europe, in the southern regions of the United States and in Mexico. Under the conditions of introduction on the Southern Coast of the Crimea, the main reproductive processes are within the normal range and can form viable sexual elements that ensure an effective fertilization process and the development of valuable seeds. It has been established that the wall of the microsporangium develops centrifugally; mature pollen grains are usually 2-celled. The ovule is anatropic, bitegmal, crassinucellate, the embryo sac is monosporic of the Oenothera-type, but there are also embryo sacs of the Polygonum-type.