The article presents a taxonomic analysis for the decorative plants collection in the Polar Experimental Station of the VIR branch. The collection fund of floral and ornamental plants of the VIR Polar Experimental Station currently contains 208 species, 90 cultural forms and varieties from 53 families. The collection of annual crops is represented by 21 genera, 22 species, 69 varieties from 14 families. Perennial herbaceous decorative plants on the Polar OS VIR have 101 genera, 140 species from 40 families. The collection of decorative shrubs at the Polar Experimental Station consists of 20 genera, 47 species from 11 families. From the collection of herbaceous floral and decorative crops, the plants from the Asteraceae family are most represented. The Asteraceae occupies a dominant position in the collection of annuals in terms of the number of species and varieties (8 genera, 9 species, 24 varieties). The families Solanaceae and Violaceae each have one species, but the number of cultivars cultivated at the station (9 and 18, respectively) makes it possible to distinguish them from the general composition of the collection of annuals. Among the decorative herbaceous perennials, the largest number of species (≥10) are the families: aster (18 genera, 24 species), buttercup (7 genera, 12 species), carnation (5 genera, 10 species), rosaceae (7 genera, 10 species). The family Rosaceae in the collection of decorative shrub plants is predominant in number and has 10 genera and 29 species. All decorative plants of the VIR Polar Experimental Station nursery of different life forms are introduced. The main work is aimed at attracting modern varieties, new species, and intraspecific forms to the collection. The analysis of the taxonomic structure of plant species, varieties and forms allows us to identify and recommend the most resistant to extreme growing conditions plants that have high decorative qualities, taking into account modern trends in urban floristics.

The data on the study of the effect of treatment of tulip bulbs of the Anna Krasavitsa cultivar before planting with microbial preparations (MP) Aurill and the Complex of microbial preparations (CMP) on the growth, state, ability for vegetative propagation of tulips, as well as the fertility and biological activity of the tulip rhizosphere in Crimea have been presented in the article. The studies were carried out in 2017-2019 in a small-plot field experiment on the tulip collection site of the NBG-NSC (v. Novy Sad, Simferopol district of the Republic of the Crimea) on the southern carbonate chernozem. Tulip bulbs were treated with MP working suspensions before planting with a dose of the preparation equal to 2 % of the bulb mass. The control - treatment with tap water. The study, collection and processing of the obtained data on the state of plants, fertility and biological activity of the soil was carried out by generally accepted methods. As a result of the studies was found that MPs increased the coefficient of vegetative propagation of bulbs, the mass of the nest and replacement bulb by 6-23 %, at the same time, a positive effect of CMP on an increase in the mass of large bulbs was revealed in the axils of the storage scales. The features of the influence of the treatment of tulip bulbs ‘Anna Krasavitsa’ with Aurill and CMP preparations on the morphometric characteristics of the plant have been revealed: the height and size of the flower and the lower leaf were increased. A positive effect of the preparations on soil fertility under tulips was shown: CMP promoted an increase in the organic matter content in the soil by 0.19 %, Aurill - the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen and exchangeable potassium in the rhizosphere of a tulip, and increasing its biological activity. The use of MP increased the number of ammonifying and amylolytic bacterial groups in the rhizosphere of the tulip; to a greater extent, Aurill, CMP increased the number of phosphate-mobilizing (by 58 %), as well as oligotrophic and cellulolytic bacteria by 8 and 78 % respectively. Aurill suppressed the number of micromycetes by 48 %.

The article describes the research work on the study of the taxonomic structure of local and introduced from many countries of the world ornamental herbaceous plants (20 species) of the Absheron National Seaside Park, phenological phases of plants development, the rules for grouping plants in compositions and use in landscape architecture. As a result of the research work, it was revealed that the studied ornamental herbaceous plants adapt well to the conditions of Absheron, are promising and can be widely used in parks, gardens, squares when creating various compositions.

The most demanded raw material among lichens for perfumery, cosmetic, essential oil and pharmaceutical industries are dried thalli of Evernia prunastri . Populations of this species in Crimea are limited, and harvests of this plant significantly reduce natural resources. Biotechnology methods can solve the problem of year-round supply of raw materials for technological processes, as well as the preservation of natural reserves of E. prunastri in nature. Therefore, it is relevant to develop lichen technologies under controlled conditions, which make it possible to intensify the processes of accumulation of biomass and biologically active compounds in it produced by phyco- and mycobionts. In the process of in vitro cultivation, morphological, cyto- and histochemical analysis of cells and tissues of E. prunastri lichen was carried out: Comparative morphometric characteristics of mycobiont and phycobiont cells in vitro and the initial material were given. The accumulation and localization of: mucus, phenolic compounds, starch and glycogen, lipids and essential oils has been studied. It has been shown that the accumulation of reserve polysaccharides during the development of a lichen: starch and glycogen, as well as other nutrients, such as lipids, and substances of secondary synthesis, in particular, essential oil, is associated with an intensive increase in the biomass of lichen. However, the high content of mucus and phenolic compounds in cells does not promote active growth and indicates aging of culture cells. It was revealed that the qualitative composition of the alcoholic extract of lichen grown in culture corresponds to the composition of natural lichen. This information obtained can be used in the development of biotechnology for the cultivation of E. prunastri and its bionts.

Seed propagation is one of the main methods of rhododendron planting stock. Obtaining of the seeds from introduced plants (native reproduction) is very important for successful introduction. In Rhododenron schlippenbachii and R. luteum the structural features of the ovule before pollination, the development of the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat are studied. The studied species are characterized by heterospermy. Mature seeds differ in shape, size, internal structure, and vitality. Seeds in ripe fruits can be divided into 3 fractions. Large seeds often contain an embryo, an endosperm with an endosperm cavity, and later usually germinate. In the seeds of the middle fraction, the endosperm is usually not fully formed, and the embryo may be absent. Small seeds are mainly represented by preserved integument and chalaza cells with thickened cell walls, without signs of the development of embryonic structures. Seeds of medium and, especially, small fractions of R. luteum often lack a wing border, which is present in large seeds of this species. In them, as well as in some of the seeds of the large fraction of both species, secretory cells are formed in the base of funicular region of raphe, which, possibly, perform the function of elaiosomes.

The normal growth and development of the fruit plant requires certain living conditions, primarily the optimal temperatures for the successful passage of all phases of ontogenesis during the year. The amount of precipitation is a very important indicator, although this factor (unlike temperature) can be regulated by irrigating. The North Caucasus is the main region of the country's fruit growing, especially for the cultivation of particularly valuable southern fruit crops. In all of its republics and the edges, critical temperatures of the winter-spring period of various forces, uncomfortable for harvesting fruit crops or even destructive are occupied. No less important factors in the south of Russia for the successful development of fruit growing are elevated summer period temperatures, exceeding them more than 30 °C suspends the processes of the development of seed and bone crops. Stavropol Territory differs from other ecological and geographical zones of the North Caucasus with frequent manifestation of such high temperatures during the growing season and disadvantage of falling precipitation (300-500 mm), which creates additional problems for crops, so all gardens in the Stavropol Territory require watering to create effective fruit production. Square of gardens of seed and bone cultures in recent years (2019, 2020) gradually increase in this zone. Solving the problem of environmental management when the climate change is currently requires an assessment of the time and spatial variability of the temperature and humidity regime in the expanding zones of gardening of the Stavropol Territory. It is also necessary for the optimal placement of various cultures and varieties of fruit crops.

Aim and task: Goals and objectives: to form a conveyor of industrial assortment of peach and nectarine for the Crimea and southern Russia. To do this, study the new varieties of peach and nectarine bred by the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens for a complex of economic and biological characteristics. The study of varieties was carried out according to the "Program and methodology for the study of varieties of fruit, berry and nut crops" (Sedov, 1995), as well as in accordance with the classifier (Khloptseva, Sharova, Korneichuk, 1988). 34 new varieties of peach and 7 - nectarine of NBG selection of different ripening periods were studied by a complex of economically valuable traits. Genotypes with a complex of outstanding properties in terms of yield, frost resistance of flower buds, drought resistance, resistance to fungal diseases, and commercial qualities of fruits with an increased content of biologically active substances have been identified. A conveyor belt of a new industrial assortment of peaches and nectarines of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden selection for gardening in Crimea and southern Russia has been proposed.