Strategies of innovative land-use and the role of natural-like agro-technologies in the ecological optimization of steppe landscapes

Aim. The article substantiates the relevance of the development of strategic areas for the non-destructive exploitation of natural resources in the context of modern climatic and anthropogenic environmental changes. The transition to innovative land use along the path of ecological optimization of agricultural landscapes is a key problem of the regional agro-industrial complex of the steppe Orenburg region. Scientific research on methods of increasing the sustainability and productivity of agricultural land while maintaining the maximum biological diversity are identified as the main goal of the work. Discussion. Unacceptable by natural standards, increasing the acreage of grain crops due to plowing wildland in the company 1954 - 1963, as well as the widespread involvement of erosion-unstable landscapes in arable land, are indicated as the main degradation processes on the agricultural lands of the steppe Orenburg. They significantly reduce the quality of land resources, deplete biological diversity, and threaten ecological disaster. Restoration of environmentally balanced resource turnover of steppe agrolandscapes during agricultural land use is proposed through the implementation of nature-like technologies. Their essence is in imitation of natural processes and focus on preserving the sustainability and optimum landscape and biological diversity by reducing the load on natural ecosystems and restoring the balance between the biosphere and the technosphere. Main conclusion. A conclusion was made on the feasibility of an innovative land-use strategy, which provides for the ecological optimization of agricultural landscapes and the implementation of steppe agricultural techniques with maximum reproduction of the main features of natural ecosystems in agricultural ecosystems. Such an approach is considered as a real way to restore biodiversity and ecological balance in landscapes. These points were proved during the analysis of extensive experimental data of well-known scientists, farmers and steppe scientists.

soil degradation, ecologically balanced agrolandscapes, non-exhaustive nature management