Use of biochemical indicators to identify resistant to drought garden roses genotypes

   The content of the some low molecular weight antioxidants in the leaves of number genotypes of the genus Rosa with varying degrees of drought resistance in optimal periods of vegetation and during drought exposure has been established. The content of phenolic substances was determined by the spectrophotometric method using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoids – spectrophotometrically using the reaction of formation of their complexes with aluminum ions, proline – according to the modified Chinard method using the ninhydrin reagent, ascorbic acid – by iodometric titration, water – by the gravimetric method. Over the course of three years of research, the concentration of the phenolic compounds sum and flavonoids in the leaves of individual genotypes differed insignificantly during certain periods of vegetation, while the content of ascorbic acid was more significant. The most variable indicator was the concentration of proline, the value of which depended on the specific weather conditions of each year. In during optimal periods of vegetation, drought-resistant genotypes were distinguished by a high content of phenolic compounds in leaves, while non-resistant ones had an increased content of proline was established. Differences in the response of the studied genotypes of garden roses to stress conditions caused by drought were revealed. Drought-resistant genotypes, R. hugonis and the ‘Borisfen’ cv., were shown to have a greater ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, increasing the synthesis of low-molecular antioxidants in response to stress. Features of adaptation to drought conditions were established: an increase in the content of flavonoids, ascorbic acid, proline and a minimal decrease in the total content of phenolic compounds. High concentrations of phenolic compounds and, in particular, flavonoids in the leaves of the studied genotypes during drought are signs of drought resistance, which allows them to be used as markers of drought resistance for genotypes of the genus Rosa.

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