The preliminary results of seeds quality evaluation of Acer and Ulmus species using microfocus X-ray method

Modern forestry requires effective methods for studying seed productivity and quality of seeds formed under various growth conditions. Deciduous woody plants seeds, as a rule, are characterized by deep dormancy, they also differ in a variety of sizes and shapes, what makes them difficult objects for determining the number of full-fledged seeds in a batch that do not have external defects and signs of the presence of live pests or their larvae. The method of microfocus radiography (X-ray) is one of the innovative, reliable and fast methods for etermining the quality of seeds. The report presents the results of an X-ray assessment of the quality of seeds
formed in 2022 by trees of various species of maple (Acer) and elm (Ulmus) growing in the arboretum of the Botanical Garden of the Samara University. The share of full-fledged seeds for Acer species increased in the following order: A. mono (33.2%) <A. pseudosieboldianum (33.3%) <A. platanoides (43.9%) <A. pseudoplatanus (46.4%) <A. negundo (58 .2%) <A. campestre (68.2%) <A. saccharinum (96.4%). Species of the elm genus, which characterized by the rapid formation of an exceptionally large number of seeds, had a significant proportion of them turn out to be empty-grained. We found that the proportion of full-fledged seeds was slightly higher in the local species Ulmus laevis (about 22%) and lower in the two introduced species U. minor (less than 10%) and U. pumila (10%). For a number of species, damage to seeds by insects was revealed.

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