The inappropriateness of using mycorrhiza-forming agents for growing seedlings of Scots pine – Pinus Sylvestris L. within the Bratsk conditions (Irkutsk region)

The effectiveness of actively increasing the reproduction of forest resources is possible only through the intensification of the entire forest growing cycle, covering every stage of silvicultural production. Today, the time has come to consider technologies for growing pine not only with an open root system (PMOC). Growing coniferous planting material in the open ground of forest nurseries is a rather labor-intensive process, largely dependent on external factors that change during the season. Modern technologies of silviculture production are focused on the mechanized execution of work on planting cultures and caring for them, which leads to certain features when placing planting sites. Moving on to silvicultural production of planting material with a closed root system (PMCS), this drawback is practically absent from planting material. Experiments carried out by many foresters in our country have shown that mycorrhizal pines develop many times faster than uninfected plants. Studying pine seedlings in a private nursery for growing seedlings with PMCS, we identified the most characteristic of three forms for mycorrhizae: forked, nodule and simple mycorrhizae. The root system of mycotrophic woody plants differs significantly from non-mycotrophic ones. This can be seen both morphologically and anatomically. We determined the “active” and total root surface of annual pine seedlings. The data obtained convince us that without the additional absorbing surface of the mycelium of the mycorrhizaforming fungus, the relatively small surface of the roots system would not be able to ensure the transfer of the required amount of water and plastic substances to the leaves during the two-rotation method of cultivation. An increase in the number of rotations affects to the formation of root systems of seedlings, and leads to lethal consequences - unformed seedlings do not tolerate the winter period in hardening areas. The growth ends of the roots initially have the ability to absorb water and plastic substances, however, the number of these rooting ends is very small. Water and plastic substances are absorbed mainly by short sucking roots entwined with mycorrhiza-forming hyphae. The sucking endings of roots, suberized and entwined with fungal hyphae, do not die off, but remain alive for a number of growing seasons. Under favorable conditions, it is possible for the mycorrhizal covers to break through with renewed growth by the root. In the conditions within the Prebaikalia region, Scots pine seedlings form mycorrhiza without the use of a mycorrhiza-forming agent, develop normally and meet the necessary parameters for seedlings with PMCS.

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