DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT GROWING AND DIVERSITY OF SEGETAL COMMUNITIES OF THE CRIMEA
https://doi.org/10.36305/2712-7788-2023-1-166-77-95
Abstract
The results of the analysis and development features of the crop industry in the Crimea are presented. It is shown that due to favorable agro-climatic conditions, starting from the second half of the XX century, the Crimean Peninsula was among the intensively developed agricultural territories, agriculture specialized in grain and livestock production, viticulture, horticulture, vegetable growing, as well as the cultivation of essential oil crops. Significant changes in the structure of land use since 2015 are due to the cessation of water supply through the North Crimean Canal. The diversity of natural conditions, as well as the cultivation of various annual (grain, technical, vegetable and cucurbits, etc.) and perennial (grapes, fruit and berry, rose, lavender, etc.) crops determined the formation of segetal-ruderal communities differing in composition and structure. According to modern concepts, the vegetation of the Crimean agrocenoses is classified into 6 classes (Papaveretea rhoeadis, Sisymbrietea, Digitario sanguinalis-Eragrostietea minoris, Artemisietea vulgaris, Epilobietea angustifolii, Oryzetea sativae), 7 orders, 15 alliances and 51 associations, including 14 syntaxons at the association level were first described on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula. The largest number of syntaxons was found in perennial plantings, of which 25 associations consisting of 10 unions, 6 orders, 5 classes were found in orchards, 13 associations consisting of 4 alliances, 3 orders, 3 classes in vineyards, 5 associations consisting of 3 alliances, 3 orders, 2 classes on rose and lavender plantations. Further, according to the number of syntaxons, agrocenoses of row crops (including tobacco, sunflower, vegetable and cucurbits) are distinguished – 17 associations consisting of 5 alliances, 4 orders, 3 classes. In grain crops (including wheat, barley, oats, corn, rice, etc.), 14 associations consisting of 5 alliances, 5 orders, 3 classes were identified.
About the Author
N. A. Bagrikova
Никитский ботанический сад – Национальный научный центр РАН
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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For citations:
Bagrikova N.A. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT GROWING AND DIVERSITY OF SEGETAL COMMUNITIES OF THE CRIMEA. Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation. 2023;(1 (166)):77-95. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36305/2712-7788-2023-1-166-77-95
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