Influence of hydrothermic stress on the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus in deciduous representatives of the genus Ficus L

In order to identify the features of the photosynthetic apparatus in a number of genotypes of the genus Ficus during the period of maximum probability of drought on the Southern Coast of the Crimea, studies were conducted on the concentration of chlorophylls and parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI) under controlled dehydration. The content of chlorophylls was determined by spectrophotometric method in leaves in a state of complete watering (control), after 2-3 hours of wilting, as well as after restoration of water availability. Changing the parameters of CFI was carried out using a chronofluorimeter "Floratest". The participation of chlorophylls in protective reactions under water stress is shown: in drought-resistant genotypes, with an increase in the level of water deficiency under conditions of various combinations of temperature and humidity, the content of chlorophylls "a" and "b" increases, decreasing after the stress effect is removed. It has been established that under hydrothermal stress, the stable ratio of chlorophyll "a" to chlorophyll "b" can be used as a biochemical parameter of drought resistance of genotypes of the genus Ficus . It was revealed that the reaction of the photosynthetic apparatus of deciduous species of the genus Ficus to dehydration under conditions of various combinations of temperature and humidity is species- and cultivar-specific: in the species F. virgata , an increase in the level of water deficiency causes changes in the functioning of the oxygen-releasing complex, and in weakly resistant cultivars of the species F. carica - a decrease in the efficiency of the light phase of photosynthesis and an increase in the thermal dissipation of excitation energy. As the stress state develops, the number of unrecoverable plastoquinones in the reaction centers of FS II increases. The high stability of the photosynthetic apparatus is characteristic of the varieties of the species F. carica - Sary Stambulsky and Sabrutsia Rozovaya.

Ficus L, drought resistance, photosynthesis, controlled dehydration, chlorophylls, induction of chlorophyll fluorescence

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