Potential of genetic resources of cherries of the Nildtsky Botanical Gardens’ collection for creation of new cultivars
https://doi.org/10.36305/2019-4-153-102-109
Abstract
The basis for the creation of new and improvement of existing cultivars is the gene pool collection of sweet cherries of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens (NBG), represented by more than 400 samples of various origins. The article presents the brief results of a comprehensive study of introduced cultivars and cultivars of our own breeding in the steppe zone of the Crimea. The analysis of the gene pool on the general assessment of varietal composition on such features as the timing of phenological phases, winter hardiness, drought resistance, size and quality of fruits, yield and plasticity of cultivars was conducted. The studies were carried out according to standard methods of sweet cherry cultivar study. A review of the genetic diversity of cultivars included in eight ecological and geographical regions is presented. Analysis of the data shows that the gene pool has valuable genotypes of interest for use in breeding programs aimed at improving cultivars. The cultivars adapted to local soil and climatic conditions in terms of the beginning and duration of flowering have been identified. Examples of samples included in the "feature collection", the creation of which ensures the effective use of genetic resources, are given. As a result of long-term studies, cultivars of different geographical origin, sources of the following features: late flowering, drought-resistance, winter-hardiness, resistance to cherry leaf spot and moniliosis, self-fertility, resistance to cracking of fruits, high commodity and taste qualities were identified.
About the Authors
L. A. Luldcheva
Никитский ботанический сад - Национальный научный центр РАН
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
L. A. Chernen'kiy
Никитский ботанический сад - Национальный научный центр РАН
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. O. Skripka
Никитский ботанический сад - Национальный научный центр РАН
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Luldcheva L.A., Chernen'kiy L.A., Skripka A.O. Potential of genetic resources of cherries of the Nildtsky Botanical Gardens’ collection for creation of new cultivars. Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation. 2019;(153):102-109. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36305/2019-4-153-102-109
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