Ecological assessment of soil condition of agroecosystems of the Kursk agglomeration

Purpose. Assessment of soil pollution level of agroecosystems of the southern part of the Kursk agglomeration by heavy metals, forecasting of the changes of protection functions of agrogenic soils and development of the method to decrease the toxicity of heavy metals in soils of agroecosystems. Methods. The article deals with the data of heavy metals pollution assessment of soils of agroecosystems of the Kursk agglomeration. The definition of gross and mobile forms of heavy metals was carried out by the method of atomic and adsorptive spectrometry. For compilation of the map charts IDW-interpolation in desktop GIS QGIS 2.18.7 was used, taking into account the indicators of the nearest points and accepting influence of factors without positional connection. The efficiency of application of the sorbent of heavy metals was estimated in microplot experiment. Results. It is established that 83.6% of the territory of the southern part of Kursk exposing powerful technogenic strain are polluted. The priority polluting elements were the Pb and Cd exceeding MAC 10.8 and 2.1 times. It is noted that decrease in toxicity of Pb in the agrogenically changed soils can be achieved by application of the sorbent on the basis of lime and sapropel. Conclusions. The overwhelming part (83.8%) of the soils of agroecosystems of the southern part of Kursk is polluted by heavy metals; the priority elements of I class of toxicity are Pb and Cd whose maximum gross contents in soils reached MAC 10.8 and 2.1. The application of 8 and 16 tons per hectare of sorbent based on lime and sapropel in lead-contaminated medium gray loamy soil leads to a decrease in the concentration of mobile forms of lead by 8.0% and 13.6%.

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