scbookБиология растений и садоводство: теория, инновацииPlant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation2712-7788Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labour Red Banner Order Nikitsky Botanical Gardens – National scientific Center of the RAS”scbook-824Research ArticleГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ И СОХРАНЕНИЕ БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ ПРИРОДНЫХ И КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ: МОБИЛИЗАЦИЯ, ИЗУЧЕНИЕ, СОХРАНЕНИЕ, ЭКСПОНИРОВАНИЕGENETIC RESOURCES AND PRESERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY OF NATURAL AND CULTIVATED PLANTS: MOBILIZATION, STUDY, PRESERVATION, EXHIBITINGОценка генетического сходства сортов хризантемы садовой коллекции Никитского ботанического сада с приминением SSR-анализаАssessment of genetic similarity of Сhrysanthemum cultivars of the garden collection of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens using SSR analysisЦюпкаВ. А.TsyupkaV. A.

Цюпка Валентина Анатольевна

298648, Республика Крым, г. Ялта, пгт. Никита, спуск Никитский, 52 

298648; Nikitsky Descent, 52; Republic of Crimea; Yalta; Nikita

ЗолотареваА. Г.ZolotarevaA. G.

Золотарева Альбина Геннадиевна

298648, Республика Крым, г. Ялта, пгт. Никита, спуск Никитский, 52 

298648; Nikitsky Descent, 52; Republic of Crimea; Yalta; Nikita

ЗыковаВ. К.ZykovaV К.

Зыкова Вера Константиновна

298648, Республика Крым, г. Ялта, пгт. Никита, спуск Никитский, 52 

298648; Nikitsky Descent, 52; Republic of Crimea; Yalta; Nikita

ХайленкоЕ. В.KhailenkoЕ. V.

Хайленко Елена Владимировна

298648, Республика Крым, г. Ялта, пгт. Никита, спуск Никитский, 52 

298648; Nikitsky Descent, 52; Republic of Crimea; Yalta; Nikita

Никитский ботанический сад – Национальный научный центр РАНРоссияNikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific CenterRussian Federation20252907202502 (175)7892Copyright © Цюпка В.А., Золотарева А.Г., Зыкова В.К., Хайленко Е.В., 20252025Цюпка В.А., Золотарева А.Г., Зыкова В.К., Хайленко Е.В.Tsyupka V.A., Zolotareva A.G., Zykova V.К., Khailenko Е.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://scbook.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/824

Проведено исследование генетического сходства сортов популярного цветочно-декоративного объекта – хризантемы садовой (Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl.) коллекции Никитского ботанического сада с применением микросателлитного анализа. Исключительная экономическая важность и большое количество сортов данной культуры делают проблематичным их идентификацию, что приводит к менее эффективному процессу селекции. В случае хризантем генотипы практически невозможно различить с помощью фенотипических методов из-за высокой вариабельности морфологических характеристик, даже если они принадлежат к одной группе. Учитывая существенные преимущества молекулярно-генетического анализа для решения вопроса оценки генетического сходства сортов, целью настоящего исследования было генотипирование и установление генетической близости культиваров хризантемы, а также проведение генетической паспортизации сортов, внесенных в реестр селекционных достижений Российской Федерации. В исследования включено 2 вида (C. zawadzkii subsp. zawadzkii и С. сhanetii H. Lev.) и 23 сорта. Генетический анализ проведен по 6 SSR локусам. В изученной выборке выявлено 42 аллельных варианта. Высокий уровень сходства по аллельному составу был выявлен между парами сортов: 'Медея' и 'Puma White' (0,95), 'Элен' и 'Cascad’ de Orleans' (0,89), 'Адмирал Алферьев' и 'Puma White' (0,88), 'Кира' и 'Медея' (0,88), 'Кира' и 'Puma White' (0,88), 'Адмирал Алферьев' и 'Золотой Паучок' (0,86), 'Адмирал Алферьев' и 'Орфей' (0,86), 'Адмирал Алферьев' и 'Кира' (0,86), 'Орфей' и 'Puma White' (0,86). Установлено, что изученные сорта мелкоцветковых хризантем генетически близки к видам C. zawadzkii subsp. zawadzkii и С. chanetii, входящим в число вероятных видов-предков хризантемы садовой. Наши результаты продемонстрировали высокую воспроизводимость и информативность подобранных SSR маркеров, которые могут использоваться для оценки генетического разнообразия и взаимосвязей между сортами C. × morifolium.

A study of the genetic similarity of cultivars of a popular flower-ornamental object – garden chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl.) from the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens’ collection was conducted using microsatellite analysis. The exceptional economic importance and large number of cultivars of this crop make their identification problematic, which leads to a less effective breeding process. In the case of chrysanthemums, genotypes are almost impossible to distinguish using phenotypic methods due to the high variability of morphological characteristics, even if they belong to the same group. Considering the significant advantages of molecular genetic analysis for solving the issue of assessing the genetic similarity of cultivars, the purpose of this study was genotyping and establishing the genetic proximity of chrysanthemum cultivars, as well as conducting genetic certification of cultivars included in the register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation. The study included 2 species (C. zawadzkii subsp. zawadzkii and C. сhanetii H.Lev.) and 23 cultivars. Genetic analysis was performed on 6 SSR loci. 42 allelic variants were identified in the studied sample. A high level of similarity in allelic composition was revealed between pairs of cultivars: 'Medea' and 'Puma White' (0.95), 'Elen' and 'Cascad’ de Orleans' (0.89), 'Admiral Alferyev' and 'Puma White' (0.88), 'Kira' and 'Medea' (0.88), 'Kira' and 'Puma White' (0.88), 'Admiral Alferyev' and 'Golden Spider' (0.86), 'Admiral Alferyev' and 'Orpheus' (0.86), 'Admiral Alferyev' and 'Kira' (0.86), 'Orpheus' and 'Puma White' (0.86). It was established that the studied cultivars of small-flowered chrysanthemums are genetically close to the species C. zawadzkii subsp. zawadzkii and C. chanetii, which are among the probable ancestral species of garden chrysanthemum. Our results demonstrated high reproducibility and informativeness of the selected SSR markers, which can be used to assess the genetic diversity and relationships between C. × morifolium cultivars.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.